The popularity of solar energy in Indonesia continues to rise, especially after the issuance of regulations supporting rooftop solar power plant (PLTS) installations and net-metering incentives. However, in practice, many PLTS projects fail to deliver optimal results not due to the technology, but because of imprecise designs or inaccurate simulations.
Designing a PLTS system is not just about stacking panels on the roof. Each system needs to be calculated based on load profiles, irradiation conditions, building layouts, and investment lifespan. Components such as inverters, cables, protection systems, and mounting structures all influence each other. A small mistake, such as in string selection or cable sizing, can impact the efficiency and safety of the system.
In addition to technical aspects, economic analysis is also crucial. By calculating indicators such as LCOE (Levelized Cost of Electricity), IRR, or NPV, project owners can assess whether the PLTS system is financially viable in the long term. Without thorough simulations and calculations, projects risk experiencing overbudget or underperformance.
Tools like PVsyst help simulate all these technical and environmental variables before the project is built. However, for the simulation to be accurate, the initial system design must be correct first, starting from module configuration to shading estimation.
Through this comprehensive approach, PLTS can truly serve as an efficient and sustainable energy solution.
References
- https://pvsyst.com/help/index.html?lcoe_calculation.htm
- https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/72399.pdf
- https://iesr.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Indonesia-Solar-Energy-Outlook-2024.pdf
- https://www.undp.org/indonesia/publications/plts-atap-indonesia-analisis-regulasi-dan-implikasinya
- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/power-bi/transform-model/desktop-what-is-power-bi
- https://www.solarpowerworldonline.com/2022/05/the-importance-of-accurate-solar-design/